Department of Educational Leadership
Dr. Pablo Martinez e-mail: pablomartinez@myway.com
EDUL 6369 – Administration Technology in Schools
Discuss the following concepts:
Section I. Basic Concepts and Foundations, 1 |
Chapter 1. Introduction to Technology and Planning, 2 |
Purpose, 4 |
The Potential in Primary and Secondary Schools, 5 |
The Beginning Years, 6 |
Steady Progress in Administrative Systems, 7 |
Instructional Systems Show Promise, 8 |
The Need for Planning, 10 |
The Systems Approach, 11 |
Organization, 11 |
Summary, 12 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 12 |
Suggested Activities, 12 |
References, 13 |
Chapter 2. Basic Concepts of Planning, 14 |
Planning Fundamentals, 15 |
Schools as Social Systems, 16 |
Evaluating the Bottom Line: The Social Process and Rational Models, 17 |
Common Elements of Educational Planning, 19 |
Comprehensiveness, 19 |
Collaboration, 19 |
Commitment, 19 |
Continuity, 20 |
Planning for Technology, 20 |
Taking a Positive Attitude to Evaluation, 22 |
Administrative and Instructional Applications, 25 |
Planning for Administrative Applications, 25 |
Planning for Instructional Applications, 28 |
Case Study, 30 |
Summary, 32 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 32 |
Suggested Activities, 33 |
References, 33 |
Chapter 3. Technology, Learning, and Equity Issues, 35 |
Technocentric Education, 36 |
When Should Computer Education Begin?, 38 |
Special Education, 39 |
Gender Issues, 41 |
Digital Divide Issues, 43 |
Case Study, 46 |
Summary, 46 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 47 |
Suggested Activities, 47 |
References, 47 |
Section II. Technology in Action, 51 |
Chapter 4. Technology for School Leadership, 52 |
Knowledge Is Power, 53 |
The Age of Knowledge, 53 |
Databases, 54 |
Electronic Spreadsheets, 58 |
Office Automation, 62 |
Specialized Administrative Applications, 64 |
Integrating It All Together: Data-Driven Decision Making, 65 |
Case Study, 65 |
Summary, 66 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 67 |
Suggested Activities, 67 |
References, 67 |
Chapter 5. Wisdom and Data-Driven Decision Making, 68 |
Defining Data-Driven Decision Making, 69 |
Information Infrastructure, 70 |
Hardware for Effective Data Management and Access, 72 |
Software for Data Management and Analysis, 73 |
People, Decision Making, and the Social Nature of Information, 74 |
The Data Analyst, 75 |
Data-Driven Decision Making Applications, 76 |
School Enrollment Projections, 76 |
Improving Teaching and Learning, 78 |
The Anatomy of a Survey, 82 |
Evaluation and Nurturing the Process, 89 |
Summary, 89 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 90 |
Suggested Activities, 90 |
References, 90 |
Chapter 6. Technology in Instruction, 91 |
Instructional Computing: A New Beginning, 92 |
Instructional Computing: Some History, 93 |
A Brief Review of the Research, 94 |
Defining Technology’s Role: A Touch of Philosophy, 97 |
Classification Systems and Definitions of Terms, 97 |
Instructional Software Tools, 98 |
Basic Technology Tools, 98 |
Learning Tools, 102 |
Programming and Authoring Tools, 104 |
Integrated Learning Systems, 106 |
Multimedia: A Brief Word, 107 |
Data Communications, 107 |
Curriculum Integration and Planning, 108 |
Case Study, 109 |
Summary, 111 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 111 |
Suggested Activities, 112 |
References, 112 |
Chapter 7. Multimedia in Education, 115 |
Multimedia Defined, 116 |
Multimedia for Multiple Intelligences, 117 |
Multimedia Literacy, 118 |
Multimedia Technology, 120 |
Five Levels of Digital Media, 121 |
The Evolution of Video Technology, 122 |
Multimedia Software, 124 |
Authoring, 124 |
Image, Video, and Sound Editing, 124 |
Digital Animation, 124 |
Multimedia for Teaching and Learning, 125 |
Multimedia Resources and Copyrights, 127 |
Media Distribution Systems—Whiteboards, 128 |
Case Study, 129 |
Summary, 130 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 131 |
Suggested Activities, 131 |
References, 132 |
Chapter 8. Data Communications, the Internet, and Educational Applications, 133 |
Data Communications in the Schools, 135 |
The Internet, 136 |
A Brief History, 136 |
The Internet Today, 137 |
The Future of the Internet, 138 |
The World Wide Web, 140 |
Protocols and Client Servers, 141 |
Uniform Resource Locator, 141 |
Web Browsers and Search Engines, 143 |
Commercial Online Services, 144 |
Applications on the Internet, 145 |
Multimedia and the Web, 148 |
Designing Multimedia for Web-Based Learning, 148 |
Desktop Videoconferencing, 149 |
The Internet and Education, 150 |
Global E-Mail, 150 |
Information Navigation, 150 |
Creating Web Sites, 151 |
Blogging on the Web, 152 |
Course Management Software, 153 |
The Internet and Distance Learning, 156 |
Summary, 157 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 157 |
Suggested Activities, 158 |
References, 158 |
Chapter 9. Distance Learning, 159 |
Distance Learning Defined, 160 |
Distance Learning Technologies: A Quick Overview, 161 |
Blended Learning, 164 |
The Extent of Distance Learning in K–12 Education, 167 |
Designing Instructional Materials: A Comparison of Distance Learning Models, 169 |
The Interactive Videoconference, 172 |
Asynchronous Learning Using the Internet and World Wide Web, 173 |
Blended Learning Course, 175 |
Distance Learning Providers, 177 |
Distance Learning: Some Issues, 178 |
The Future of K–12 Distance Learning, 181 |
Case Study, 182 |
Summary, 183 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 183 |
Suggested Activities, 183 |
References, 184 |
Section III. Planning and Implementation, 185 |
Chapter 10. Hardware and Software Evaluation, 186 |
Decisions, Decisions, Decisions, 187 |
A Look at Hardware, 187 |
A Look at Software, 189 |
Hardware Evaluation Criteria, 190 |
Performance, 191 |
Compatibility, 194 |
Modularity/Expandability, 194 |
Ergonomics, 195 |
Software Availability, 196 |
Vendor, 196 |
Cost, 197 |
Software Evaluation Criteria, 197 |
Efficiency, 198 |
Ease of Use, 199 |
Documentation, 199 |
Hardware Requirements, 200 |
Vendor, 201 |
Cost, 201 |
Issues in Evaluating Hardware, 202 |
Evaluating Hardware for Administrative Applications, 202 |
Evaluating Hardware for Instructional Applications, 203 |
Mainframes and Servers, 203 |
Bulk Purchasing, State Contracts, and Life Cycles, 204 |
Issues in Evaluating Software, 205 |
Administrative Software Evaluation, 205 |
Instructional Software Evaluation, 207 |
Open Source Software, 208 |
Software Life Cycles, 211 |
Case Study, 211 |
Summary, 212 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 213 |
Suggested Activities, 213 |
References, 213 |
Chapter 11. People, Technology, and Professional Development, 214 |
A Long Way to Go, 215 |
The Professional Development Planning Model, 217 |
Who Learns?, 217 |
Different Alternatives for Different Needs, 218 |
Designing and Implementing Effective Professional Development Programs, 220 |
Hands-On Activities, 220 |
One-on-One Coaching, 221 |
Training the Trainer, 221 |
Teachers Need Equipment, Too!, 222 |
Incentives, 222 |
Evaluation and Review, 223 |
A Continuous Process, 223 |
Resources, 224 |
Case Study, 225 |
Summary, 226 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 226 |
Suggested Activities, 227 |
References, 227 |
Chapter 12. Facilities, Policies, and Procedures, 228 |
Getting Bigger, 229 |
Staffing and Administration, 229 |
Central Laboratories, 232 |
Physical Environment, 233 |
Facilities for Administrative Applications, 233 |
Facilities for Instructional Applications, 234 |
Data Communications Facilities and Information Infrastructure, 236 |
Hardware Maintenance, 239 |
Making Repairs, 239 |
Providing Preventive Maintenance, 240 |
Upgrading, 240 |
Software Maintenance and Distribution, 240 |
Policies, Procedures, and Documentation, 242 |
Policies, 242 |
Procedures, 243 |
Documentation, 243 |
Security, 244 |
The Helping Place, 245 |
Case Study, 246 |
Summary, 246 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 247 |
Suggested Activities, 247 |
References, 247 |
Chapter 13. Financial Planning for Technology, 248 |
Technology Can Be Expensive, 249 |
The Cost-Effectiveness of Technology, 250 |
A Time Line for Financial Planning, 251 |
The Budget Worksheet, 253 |
A Budget Model and Total Cost of Ownership, 255 |
Special Considerations of Budgeting for Computer Applications, 257 |
Opting for Centralized or Decentralized Computer Facilities, 257 |
Hiring a Consultant, 258 |
Standardizing on a Common Vendor, 259 |
Hardware First, Other Needs Later?, 259 |
Choosing a Purchasing Plan, 259 |
Sources of Funds, 260 |
The School District Budget, 260 |
Bond Issues, 261 |
Governmental Entities, 261 |
Gifts and Grants, 262 |
Case Study, 263 |
Summary, 264 |
Key Concepts and Questions, 265 |
Suggested Activities, 265 |
References, 265 |